喬治·翟登＆沙詹·塞尼（George Zaidan  Sajan Saini ）: 晶片是如何製造的？

晶片是如何製造的？

全球每年生產超過一兆個電腦晶片，意味著每秒約製造 20 兆個電晶體——而這一切僅在不到 500 座半導體製造廠內完成。我們是如何以驚人的速度，建構出這麼多微小又複雜精細的電子元件？喬治·翟登和沙詹·塞尼探討了微影製程如何建構這些元件，以及其對環境的影響。【由 Kozmonot 動畫工作室製作，喬治·翟登旁白，托爾加·以利茲和 Kozmonot 動畫工作室配樂】

Photolithography lets factories produce more than a trillion computer chips each year, building up to 20 trillion transistors every second with astounding precision. These chips power modern life, yet their production relies on enormous quantities of electricity, water, and chemicals. As demand grows, the process strains environmental limits, leading to water rationing and hazardous waste. Making future technology sustainable will require cleaner, smarter manufacturing that matches the intelligence of the chips themselves.