How are microchips made?

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George Zaidan and Sajan Saini |

TED-Ed

• February 2025

Globally, we produce more than a trillion computer chips every year. Which means about 20 trillion transistors are built every second— and this process is done in fewer than 500 fabrication plants. How do we build so many tiny, intricately-connected devices, so incredibly fast? George Zaidan and Sajan Saini explore how photolithography helps build these devices and its environmental impact. [Directed by Kozmonot Animation Studio, narrated by George Zaidan, music by Tolga Yıldız, Kozmonot Animation Studio].